English Grammar

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something — что-нибудь, что-то

Употребление
Утвердительная форма  I can see something on the table.
Отрицательная форма I can see nothing on the table.
I cannot see anything on the table.
Вопросительная форма Can you see anything on the table?

everything — всё

Упражнение 98. Вставьте something, anything, nothing или everything.

1. My husband taught his son he knows. 2. Her patient has a bad memory. She can't remember . 3. I think there is wrong with my watch. 4. We've got to eat. We've got only to drink. 5. The student didn't understand because she heard . 6. Does he know about computers? — Yes, he knows because he is the best specialist in computer science at Harvard University. 7. He felt terrible. He couldn't do else. 8. is all right, the patient is much better today. 9. Is there interesting in the programme of the concert? 10. I could see : it was quite dark. 11. Give me to drink. 12. I didn't take any money with me, so I couldn't buy 13. My new eyeglasses are very good, I can see now. 14. I saw near the wood that looked like a tent.
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Упражнение 99. Вставьте something, anything, nothing или everything.

1. She has to go to the supermarket. There isn't in the fridge. 2. I've had a terrible day. went wrong. 3. The young man is very upset. There is wrong with his car. 4. His grandparents like doing : cooking, playing board games, going to museums, visiting their friends. 5. She never says nice about her neighbours. 6. What do you want to drink? — . I'm not thirsty. 7. Nobody told me about his lung cancer. I could do to save his life. 8. Give me to read, please. — With pleasure. 9. I don't know about your town. Tell me about it. 10. Please give me warm: it is cold here. 11. I understand now. Thank you for your explanation. 12. There is white in the box. What is it? 13. Is there that you want to tell me? 14. Where is the book? — It is on the table. — No, there is there.
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somebody — кто-нибудь, кто-то

Употребление
Утвердительная форма Не asked somebody to help him.
Отрицательная форма He asked nobody to help him.
He did not ask anybody to help him.
Вопросительная форма  Did he ask anybody to help him?

everybody — все

Упражнение 100. Вставьте somebody, anybody, nobody или everybody.

1. Don't tell about it. It's a secret. 2. Life is tough! has problems. 3. has eaten all the ice cream. That's terrible! will be able to have it for dessert tonight. 4. I think, in our class is honest. That's why we trust . 5. If you look in the yellow pages, I am sure you'll find who can fix your TV. 6. I am not a perfectionist. is perfect in this world. 7. Is there in the office? 8. needs good friends. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 9. Has in this group got a dictionary? 10. left a magazine in our classroom yesterday. 11. The question was so difficult that could answer it. 12. I am afraid I shan't be able to find in the office now: it is too late. 13. knows that water is necessary for life. 14. Is there here who knows French? 15. You must find who can help you. 16. knew anything about America before Columbus discovered it. 17. I saw in the train yesterday who looked like you. 18. There is in the next room. I don't know him. 19. Please tell us the story. knows it. 20. Is there in my group who lives in the dormitory? 21. Has here got a red pencil? 22. can answer this question. It is very easy.
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Упражнение 101. Заполните пропуски, вставив одно из слов, данных в скобках.

1. We haven't black stockings (no, any). 2 They have red boots, Kate (any, no). 3. I don't want today, thank you (nothing, anything). 4. "I haven't got clean exercise books, Mother," said the boy (any, no). 5. "We shall not buy in this shop, children," said the mother (nothing, anything). 6. Didn't you buy potatoes yesterday (any, no)? 7. I didn't see in the street when I went out (anybody, nobody). 8. We did not play games in the yard because it was raining all day long (no, any). 9. There is at home (anybody, nobody). 10. How much did you pay for these boots? — I didn't pay (nothing, anything). They are a present from my grandmother. 11. Have you lost (anything, nothing)? — No, nobody here has lost (nothing, anything).
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Упражнение 102. Поставьте следующие предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную форму.

1. They have done something. 2. He has given them some money. 3. You have brought something for us. 4.1 have taken some English books from you. 5. She was reading something. 6. He has written a letter to somebody. 7. Somebody by the name of Petrov lives on the third floor. 8. They have some English books. 9. There are some tall trees in front of their house. 10. Peter has something in his box. 11. There are some parks in this town. 12. There are some good bookshops in our district.
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Упражнение 103. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Я ничего не сказал. Ни слова. 2. Все хотели получить автограф Юрия Гагарина. 3. Все, что у меня есть, принадлежит тебе. 4. В столовой есть кто-нибудь? 5. В саду никого нет. 6. В нашей комнате есть кто-нибудь? 7. Там есть кто-то. 8. Там никого нет. 9. В библиотеке есть кто-нибудь? 10. За занавеской есть что-нибудь? — Нет, там ничего нет. 11. В сумке что-то есть. 12. В доме есть кто-нибудь? — Да, там есть кто-то. 13. Под столом есть что-нибудь? — Да, там что-то есть. 14. Там ничего нет. 15. В кабинете врача есть кто-нибудь? — Нет, там никого нет. 16. В нашей библиотеке есть кое-какие книги на английском языке. 17. В вашей библиотеке есть какие-нибудь книги Джека Лондона? 18. Мой дядя хочет мне что-то сказать. 19. На другой день мой брат знал всех. 20. Если вы захотите что-нибудь поесть, идите в вагон-ресторан. 21. Расскажите нам всё о вашем путешествии.
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Заметьте, что в утвердительных предложениях

"any" значит "любой"

"anything " значит "что угодно"

" anybody" значит "кто угодно"

Упражнение 104. Вставьте some, any, nо или их производные.

1. Here are books by English writers. Take book you like. 2. There are boys in the garden because they are at school. 3. I can see on the snow, but I don't know what it is. 4. Are there desks in the classroom? — Yes, there are many. 5. There are books on this desk, but there are exercise books. 6. Did he say about it? — No, he said . 7. What shall I do now, Mom? I have done my homework. — You can do you like. 8. There was in the street because it was very late. 9. wants to see him. 10. Is there here who knows this man? 11. Have you books on Dickens? I want to read about him. I have read books by Dickens and I am interested in the life of the writer. 12. Can tell me how to get to the Public Library? — Yes, take bus that goes from here towards the railway station and get off at the third stop. 13. Please bring me apples, Mary. 14. That is a very easy question — can answer it.
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somewhere — где-нибудь, куда-нибудь, где-то, куда-то

Употребление
Утвердительная форма  I saw this man somewhere.
 Отрицательная форма I saw this man nowhere.
I did not see this man
anywhere.
Вопросительная форма Did you see this man
anywhere?

everywhere — везде

Упражнение 105. Вставьте somewhere, anywhere, nowhere или everywhere.

1. I can't find my book . I have looked all over the house. 2. Johnny lives near Chicago. 3. It so happened that he had to go to. So last summer he stayed at home in his beloved city for his holidays. 4. This book can be found . Let's buy it. 5. Do you live near them? 6. Is it in Russia? — Yes, it's in Russia. 7. Where are you going? — I am not going . 8. I put my dictionary yesterday and now I can't find it . — Of course, that is because you leave your books . 9. You must go next summer. 10. Did you go on Sunday? 11. Let's go . The weather is fine. I don't want to stay at home in such weather. 12. I cannot find my glasses . I always put them and then look for them for hours. 13. Today is a holiday. The streets are full of people. There are flags, banners and flowers .
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Упражнение 106. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Здесь нет Кати. Мы ее везде искали, но не можем нигде найти ее. Кто-нибудь видел Катю? — Вот она. Никто ничего не знает о ней, а она сидит на скамейке и читает книгу. 2. На столе лежит что-то круглое. Что это такое? 3. Никто об этом ничего не знает. 4. В городе много парков. Везде деревья и цветы. 5. В той комнате кто-то есть. 6. Анна живет где-то в этом районе. 7. Я никого не знаю в этом городе. 8. Дай мне, пожалуйста, что-нибудь поесть. 9. Кто-нибудь знает адрес нашего учителя? 10. Все в порядке. 11. Кто-нибудь хочет посмотреть телевизор? 12. Мы слышали эту песню повсюду. 13. Он где-то в саду.
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Упражнение 107. Вставьте одно из следующих слов:

a) some, any, nо.

1. There were of my friends there. 2. Well, anyway, there is need to hurry, now that we have missed the train. 3. Have you ever seen of these pictures before? 4. There is water in the kettle: they have drunk it all. 5. There were firtrees in that forest, but many pines. 6. We could not buy cherries, so we bought plums instead.

b) somebody, anybody, nobody.

1. I saw I knew at the lecture. 2. I dare say that there may be at the lecture that I know, but what does that matter? 3. Do you really think that visits this place? 4.1 have never seen lace their boots like that.

c) somewhere, anywhere, nowhere.

1. I haven't seen him . 2. I know the place is about here, but exactly where, I don't know. 3. Did you go yesterday? — No, I went , I stayed at home the whole day.

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Упражнение 108. Вставьте some, any, no, every или их производные.

1. To know is to know . 2. is rotten in the state of Denmark (W. Shakespeare). 3. Wealth is without health. 4. is good in its season. 5. Can I have milk? — Yes, you can have . 6. Will you have tea? 7. Give me books, please. I have to read at home. 8. Put sugar in her tea: she does not like sweet tea. 9. Is the matter with you? Has offended you? I see by your face that has happened. 10. We did not see in the hall. 11. was present at the lesson yesterday. 12. He is busy. He has time to go to the cinema with us. 13. Do you need books to prepare for your report? 14. Have you questions? Ask me you like, I shall try to answer question. 15. liked that play: it was very dull. 16. If is ready, we shall begin our experiment.
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Упражнение 109. Вставьте some, any, no, every или их производные.

1. Can you see in an empty box? No, I can't see in an empty box. I can see in an empty box. Why not? Because there is in an empty box. There isn't in an empty box. What is an empty box? An empty box is a box that has in it. An empty box is a box without in it. An empty room is a room without in it. 2. Can see? No, people can't see. people are blind. Blind people can't see. They can't see ; they can see . 3. Can hear? No, people can't hear. people are deaf. People who are quite deaf can't hear. They can't hear they can't hear . They can hear ; they can hear . 4. Can we see ? No, we can't see . We cannot see the air. can see the air. 5. We can't walk without legs and feet. People without legs and feet can't walk. They can't walk. They can walk .
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Упражнение 110. Вставьте some, any, nо или их производные.

1. Are there cinemas or theatres in your town? — There aren't cinemas — but there is a theatre festival in summer. 2. It there for young people — a zoo, interesting museums? — I'm sorry, there is zoo in our town. But there are museums, discos and every three weeks there is a rock concert for young people here. 3. Have you relations? — No, I haven't . I have relations. 4. Has she nephews or nieces? — She has nephews. 5. She has sisters, she has only brothers. 6. Do you know about Chinese art? 7. They have cousins in Minsk. 8. Have you brothers? — No, I haven't , I have brothers. 9. I have good friends. 10. We did not know about his problems: he told us . 11. Have you got interesting books? 12. Have you friends in America? 13. He has English books in this bookcase. 14. Did you meet on your way to school? 15. Have you got pencils in your bag? 16. Do we have chalk on the blackboard? 17. How could I know that he was ill? told me . 18. She has mistakes in her test.
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Упражнение 111. Вставьте одно из следующих слов: some, any, nо, the или оставьте пропуски незаполненными.

1. Передай мне масло. Pass me butter, please. 2. Дай ему масла. Give him butter. 3. Я не хочу масла. I don't want butter. 4. Эта ферма производит масло. This farm produces butter. 5. В этом стакане нет молока. There is milk in this glass. 6. Возьми варенья. Take jam. 7. Возьми варенье. Take jam. 8. Любите ли вы бекон? Do you like bacon? 9. Какова цена бекона? What is the price of bacon? 10. Он никогда не кладет сахару в чай. Не never puts sugar in his tea. 11. Сахар — важный пищевой продукт. sugar is an important food product. 12. Суп (вообще) содержит много воды. soup contains much water. 13. Суп готов. soup is ready. 14. Дайте мне супу. Give me soup. 15. Название этого супа — борщ. The name of soup is borshch. 16. Прежде всего нам нужно согреть воды. First of all we must heat water. 17. Прежде всего нам нужно согреть воду. First of all we must heat water. 18. Вода состоит из водорода и кислорода. water consists of hydrogen and oxygen. 19. Мыло необходимо для мытья. soap is necessary for washing. 20. Ha умывальнике нет мыла. There is soap on the washstand. 21. Мыло на полке. soap is on the shelf. 22. Мне не нравится цвет этого мыла. I don't like the colour of soap. 23. Есть у вас карболовое мыло? Have you got carbolic soap? 24. В Карелии много фабрик, которые производят бумагу. There are many factories in Karelia that produce paper. 25. Бумага для стенгазеты на столе. paper for the wall newspaper is on the table. 26. Дайте мне бумаги. Give me paper. 27. Я очень люблю этот сорт бумаги. I like this sort of paper very much.
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Упражнение 112. Вставьте a, the, some или оставьте пропуски незаполненными.

1. a) I've just made coffee. Would you like ?

b) Wait minute! coffee is very hot in your cup.

2. a) Give me water, please. I am thirsty.

b) water in this river is always cold.

c) water is necessary for animals and plants.

3. a) Do you like brown bread?

b) Please go to the shop and buy brown bread.

4. a) He likes modern music.

b) I should like to listen to music.

c) I don't like music, it is too noisy. Switch off the radio, please.

5. a) Ann has bought cheese.

b) Where did she put cheese?

c) Give me cheese, please.

6. a) Yesterday she invited us to dinner. It was good dinner.

b) I cannot forget dinner we had at the Savoy.

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